Abstract

The Zα domain of the human RNA editing enzyme double-stranded RNA deaminase I (ADAR1) binds to left-handed Z-DNA with high affinity. We found by analytical ultracentrifugation and CD spectroscopy that two Zα domains bind to one d(CG) 3T 4(CG) 3 hairpin which contains a stem of six base pairs in the Z-DNA conformation. Both wild-type Zα and a C125S mutant show a mean dissociation constant of 30 nM as measured by surface plasmon resonance and analytical ultracentrifugation. Our data suggest that short (≥6 bp) segments of Z-DNA within a gene are able to recruit two ADAR1 enzymes to that particular site.

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