Abstract
Ameloblastoma is the most common epithelial odontogenic tumor. It may show locally invasive behavior resulting in recurrence and malignancy. Therefore, appropriate diagnosis of this tumor is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics of ameloblastomas in an Iranian population. We present a 40-year retrospective study of patients diagnosed from 1971 to 2010 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad, Iran. Information gathered from patient records included age, gender, tumor location and histologic type. The frequency of odontogenic tumors among all lesions was 2.08% and ameloblastoma with 88 samples demonstrated the greatest prevalence (41.5%). Regarding gender, 60% of samples occurred in males. The mean age of studied patients was 33.02± 15.74 years with a peak of occurrence in the third decade of life. The most frequent location of tumor was the mandibles (93.2%). Eighty five (96.6%) tumors were recorded as benign and 3 (3.4%) as malignant. Of benign tumors, 62 (72.9%), 20 (23.5%) and 3 (3.6%) cases were of conventional, unicyctic and peripheral types, respectively. In contrast to most previous studies, the most common histologic subtype in the present study was plexiform. Knowledge of the incidence of ameloblastoma and its clinicopathologic features including most common location, gender and age distribution in different ethnogeographic backgrounds is necessary for accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.
Highlights
Odontogenic tumors are lesions derived from epithelial or mesenchymal remnants
We studied all case files of patients who referred to department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad, Iran with diagnosis of odontogenic tumors during 1971 to 2010
The relative incidence of this tumor is equal to incidence of all odontogenic tumors, except odontoma
Summary
Odontogenic tumors are lesions derived from epithelial or mesenchymal remnants. These lesions are observed exclusively in the mandible and maxilla. Some of these lesions are real neoplasm which rarely represents behavior of malignant tumors; others may be considered as tumor-like malformation such as hamartoma (Manor et al, 1999; Kumamoto et al, 2000). It is the most common clinical tumor within all odontogenic tumors if odontoma is considered as hamartoma. According to the latest classification of World Health Organization (WHO), ameloblastoma is known as the prototype of odontogenic tumors with epithelial origin (Bachmann et al, 2005; Salehinejad et al, 2011). Ameloblastoma is divided into three types by considering clinical and radiography findings: conventional (86%), unicystic (13%) and peripheral (1%) (Mendenhall et al, 2007)
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