Abstract
We present a 4 bit digital liquid lens for variable focal length using a 4 bit actuator (b1, b2, b3 and b4 bit actuators). The 4 bit actuator, where 1, 2, 4 and 8 unit pneumatic actuators are serially connected with binary-combination, pushes a discrete fluidic volume into the lens in 24 different levels. Thus, the 4 bit digital actuation mode (b4b3b2b1) from (0 0 0 0) to (1 1 1 1) makes 24 different levels of lens curvature and focal length. Experimentally, we verify that the 4 bit actuator pushes the volume of 0.074 nl ± 0.02 nl to the lens per one bit and changes the focal length from 3.63 mm to 38.6 mm in 16 levels. The present 4 bit digital liquid lens performs the focal length variation without requiring high-cost controllers or sensors for precise control of the pressure or fluidic volume, thus it is suitable for use in integrated optical systems.
Published Version
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