A 3-D spatial–temporal near-field parameter estimation method with two correlation operations

Abstract

This paper proposes a narrowband near-field (NF) source localization algorithm based on two correlation operations. By utilizing the correlation of incident signal in the time and spatial domains, the algorithm achieves direction-of-arrival (DOA) with high-precision and low-complexity and range estimation under the virtual single snapshot. To do so, in the processing of NF source received signals, this paper first utilizes the symmetry of the cross-cross array and obtains a covariance matrix containing only azimuth and elevation information through two correlation operations. Since the covariance matrix has a standard two-level Toeplitz matrix form, the estimated parameters can be directly extracted from the noise-free covariance matrix without pairing using the two-level Vandermonde decomposition technique. Finally, the estimated value of the range is obtained using a one-dimensional (1-D) spectral peak search. Computer simulation results verify the superior performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of complexity and estimation accuracy.