A 2D Photographic and 3D Digital Dental Model Analysis of Golden Percentage in Maxillary Anterior Teeth.

Naseer Ahmed,Nafij Bin Jamayet,Maria Shakoor Abbasi,Mohammad Khursheed Alam,Zafar Ali Khan,Mohamad Syahrizal Bin Halim,Zuryati Ab Ghani,Eitan Mijiritsky

doi:10.1155/2021/6674400

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the existence of golden percentage in natural maxillary anterior teeth with the aid of 3D digital dental models and 2D photographs. And to propose regional values of golden percentage for restoration of maxillary anterior teeth. For this purpose, one hundred and ninety dentate subjects with sound maxillary anterior teeth were selected. Standardized frontal images were captured with DSLR, and the apparent width of maxillary anterior teeth was measured utilizing a software on a personal laptop computer. Once the dimensions were recorded, the calculations were made according to the golden percentage theory (GPT). The data were analyzed by independent and paired T-test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. The golden percentage values were not found in this study. The values obtained were 16%, 15%, 20%, 20%, 15%, and 16% moving from the right canine to the left canine teeth. There was no significant gender difference in the golden percentage values. Thus, golden percentage should not be used solely for the correction of anterior teeth or for determining dental attractiveness. Emphasis should be given to a range of dental proportion on regional basis.

Highlights

In the exploration to create esthetically agreeable restoration of lost and traumatic maxillary anterior teeth, researchers have proposed the application of aesthetic proportions to define the correlation between the widths of maxillary anterior teeth [1]
Normal distribution curve was observed in data of most independent variables, i.e., maxillary anterior teeth width and dental proportion values
The dental proportion values in our study were in contrast with standard golden percentage [11] as we found a value of 16.22%, 14.79%, 19.44%, 19.23%, 14.65%, and 15.57%, from the right canine to left canine teeth

Summary

Introduction

In the exploration to create esthetically agreeable restoration of lost and traumatic maxillary anterior teeth, researchers have proposed the application of aesthetic proportions to define the correlation between the widths of maxillary anterior teeth [1]. Lombardi was the first to recommend the use of the harmonious proportion in dentistry. He suggested that it is essential to develop a balance between the dentition and the facial profile. He recommended the Golden Proportion Theory (GPT) for the creation of an esthetic anterior tooth dimensions, which is a constant ratio of 1.618 : 1 [2]. He concluded that the widths of the maxillary anterior teeth are repeated in this proportion. It was suggested by Levin [3] that, when the maxillary anterior teeth are evaluated from frontal plane, the width of the lateral

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