Abstract
Maternal choline intake during the third trimester of human pregnancy can modify systemic and local epigenetic marks in fetal-derived tissues, promoting better pregnancy outcomes, increased immunity, as well as improved mental and physical work capacity with proper memory and cognitive development. 103 pregnant women presenting to the antenatal care of Azimpur Maternity Hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh in their third trimester of pregnancy were randomly selected for this cross sectional study exploring dietary intake patterns of choline. A dietary recall form was administered to estimate frequency and amount of food consumption of foods for the previous 24 hours. Most women reported diets that delivered less than the recommended choline intake (mean ± SD; 189.5 ± 98.2) providing only 42.72% of total RDA value. The results of this study may indicate that dietary choline among pregnant, Bangladeshi women may not be adequate to meet the needs of both, the mother and fetus. Further studies are warranted to determine clinical implications.
Highlights
IntroductionAn essential[1,2,3,4,5,6] nutrient found in eggs, liver, milk, meat, nuts, legumes, and cruciferous vegetables,[7] plays a significant role during the third trimester of human pregnancy to reduce the negative effect of a mother’s stress[8] on child health[8], promoting fetal growth,[6,9,10] proper brain[11,12,13,14,15,16] and memory function,[17,18,19,20,21,22] and learning capabilities,[23,24,25,26,27] while protecting the future health of the child
The main objective of this study was to determine the present status of the choline intake pattern by Bangladeshi pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy
A study conducted in Jamaica showed poor choline status among pregnant women with 278.5 mg/day, which was higher than the Bangladeshi scenario.[52]
Summary
An essential[1,2,3,4,5,6] nutrient found in eggs, liver, milk, meat, nuts, legumes, and cruciferous vegetables,[7] plays a significant role during the third trimester of human pregnancy to reduce the negative effect of a mother’s stress[8] on child health[8], promoting fetal growth,[6,9,10] proper brain[11,12,13,14,15,16] and memory function,[17,18,19,20,21,22] and learning capabilities,[23,24,25,26,27] while protecting the future health of the child. Previous findings suggest that higher maternal choline intake may counter some adverse effects[25,28,29] of prenatal stress on behavioral,[29,30,31,32] neuroendocrine, and metabolic development[33,34] in offspring. Variations in maternal choline intake influence memory performance in their offspring.[37]
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