A 24-month clinical evaluation of composite resins with different viscosity and chemical compositions: a randomized clinical trial.

Abstract

To evaluate the clinical performance of two methacrylate-based flowable composites and an Ormocer-based flowable composite in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in adult participants. One hundred eighty-three restorations were performed on NCCLs. All cavities were restored using a universal adhesive system (Futurabond U, Voco GmbH) with selective enamel etching and with one of the three evaluated flowable composites (n = 61): low-viscosity methacrylate-based composite (GrandioSO Flow, LV), high-viscosity methacrylate-based composite (GrandioSO Heavy Flow, HV), and an Ormocer-based flowable composite (Admira Fusion Flow, ORM). All restorations were evaluated using FDI and USPHS criteria after 24 months. Kruskall Wallis analysis of variance rank (α = 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. After 24 months of clinical evaluation, sixteen restorations were lost (LV = 3, HV = 10, ORM = 3) and the retention rates (95% confidence interval) were 95.0% for LV, 82.2% for HV and 95.0% for ORM, with statistical differences observed between HV and LV as well as HV and ORM (p < 0.05). When secondary parameters were evaluated, no significant difference between groups were observed (p > 0.05). Thirty-three restorations (LV = 8, HV = 13, ORM = 12) showed minor marginal staining, seventy-one restorations (LV = 26, HV = 20, ORM = 25) presented small marginal adaptation defects and one restoration for HV presented recurrence of caries. The universal adhesive associated with the Ormocer-based and methacrylate-based flowable composite showed promising clinical performance after 24 months. However, the heavy-flow restorations showed significantly more failures.