Abstract

A hybrid stress general shell element is developed based on the Hellinger-Reissner principle modified for relaxed element compatibility conditions. The element is based on a thin shell theory with Love-Kirchhoff hypothesis. It is of quadrilateral shape with only four corner nodes and five degrees of freedom per node. The geometry of the element is approximated through a cubic polynomial surface patch. Numerical examples consisting of torsion-loaded slit cylinder and pinched cylinders with open ends and rigid diaphragmed ends demonstrate excellent performance of the present element

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