A 2-year follow-up investigation of social anxiety and its maternal influencing factors of peasant-worker's children in Harbin

Abstract

Objective To determine the development characteristics of social anxiety of peasant-worker's children in Harbin, and explore the effect of gender, parents quarrel, parents divorced and maternal factors on social anxiety.The study provided a scientific basis for the intervention of social anxiety. Methods The children in grade 1-5 from 3 schools in Harbin were collected by random cluster sampling in 2012.Then the same questionnaire was used to track the peasant-worker's children in 2014.The questionnaire included general information, Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC), Egna Minnen av Bardndosna Uppforstran(EMBU), Acceptance Subscale and Psychological Control Scale. Results (1) The detection rates of social anxiety of peasant-worker's children in 2012 and 2014 were respectively 29.3%, 30.2%, and the detection rates had no significant difference (χ2=0.111, P=0.790). But there was significantly difference between the two years(2012: 6.90±4.26; 2014: 5.88±4.20; t=3.419, P=0.001). Children of newly occurring social anxiety in high grade was fewer and the ability to symptom relief was better.There was no significant difference between boys and girls on newly occurring and symptom relief(newly occurring: χ2=0.018, P=0.910; symptom relief: χ2=0.541, P=0.518). (2) In 2012, the differences of the detection rate of children's social anxiety on parents quarrel, parents divorced were not significant(parents quarrel: χ2=0.881, P=0.393; parents divorced: χ2=0.246, P=0.658). In 2014, the detection rate of children's social anxiety on parents quarrel, parents divorced were significantly higher than children in normal families(parents quarrel: χ2=11.758, P=0.001; parents divorced: χ2=9.907, P=0.004). The detection rate of children's social anxiety of divorced parents increased with age(χ2=4.398, P=0.041). (3) In 2012 and 2014, children's social anxiety had positive correlation with mother excessive interference and over-protective, mother refusing and denying, mother punishment, and had negative correlation with mother acceptance(P<0.05). In 2014, it had positive correlation with mother control and negative correlation with mother emotional warmth understanding(P<0.05). (4) In 2012, the regression coefficient of mother refusing and denying was 0.186.In 2014, the regression coefficient of mother acceptance and control were -0.266, 0.169. Conclusion Social anxiety can be spontaneous remission, and the ability was better in high grade.Parents quarrel, parents divorced and maternal factors can affect the development of peasant-worker's children's social anxiety, which should be concerned. Key words: Peasant-worker's children; Social anxiety; Follow-up investigation; Maternal factors