Abstract
A 1D analytical model for slag infiltration during continuous casting of steel is developed to investigate the slag behavior in the mold–strand gap. The superposition principle and Fourier expansion are applied to obtain the analytical solution for transient slag flow under arbitrary mold oscillation including non-sinusoidal oscillation mode. The validated model using literature data partially explains several controversies such as slope of slag film channel, mechanism of non-sinusoidal mold oscillation, and timing of slag infiltration. The model shows that a converging slag film into the casting direction is required to open the mold–strand gap if compression is applied in between. Also, model calculations imply that higher slag consumption is achievable from non-sinusoidal mold oscillation by means of the increase of film thickness through longer positive pressure with higher peak pressure. The model demonstrates a time difference between slag flow and pressure near the meniscus and the discrepancy in timing of infiltration between previous works is attributed to the mismatch. The model provides a concise but reliable tool to understand slag infiltration behavior and design mold oscillation settings.
Highlights
IntroductionIt is known that molten slag offers lubrication through infiltration into the mold–strand gap during continuous casting [1,2]
A Review of Previous Analytical/Numerical Models for Slag InfiltrationIt is known that molten slag offers lubrication through infiltration into the mold–strand gap during continuous casting [1,2]
When the flow is squeezed by approaching two walls in both scenarios, the positive peak pressure in the film channel pushes the slag away to both ends of the channel that correspond to the meniscus and end of the liquid film channel
Summary
It is known that molten slag offers lubrication through infiltration into the mold–strand gap during continuous casting [1,2]. The mechanism of slag infiltration has been investigated by numerous researchers due to its importance on heat transfer [3], mold friction [4], oscillation mark formation [5,6], and so on It has not reached a consensus yet in several issues the mechanism has been studied from diverse points of view including physical modeling [7,8,9,10], mathematical modeling [4,6,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20], and plant trials [2,9,21,22,23,24]. No clear answer has been given for the mechanism of higher slag consumption with non-sinusoidal mold oscillation so far despite its success in high-speed casting production Another controversy is regarding the slope of slag film channel.
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