Abstract
Abstract This article presents a mm‐wave harmonic‐mode varactor‐free 167‐to‐172‐GHz oscillator that features improved output power and tuning range. The parasitic capacitor of the cross‐coupled pair is adjusted for frequency tuning via the body‐bias technique, thus eliminating the need for varactors of conventional mm‐wave voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCOs). The output of the proposed VCO is at the 2nd‐harmonic and is tunable from 167 to 172 GHz, while its dc power consumption ranges between 13.5 and 21 mW, respectively. The proposed circuit was designed and implemented using TSMC 65‐nm 1P9M CMOS technology, with a total chip size of 0.22 × 0.35 mm2. The output power of the proposed VCO is −10.5 dBm at 169.8 GHz with 13.5 mW dc power consumption, and its maximum dc‐to‐RF efficiency is 0.48%.
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