A-137 Cortical Vision Impairment: A Case Study of Associated Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Neuropsychological Findings

Abstract

Abstract Objective: Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI) is characterized by a decreased visual response, related to a neurological lesion. It is the most common cause of permanent visual impairment in children. CVI is not attributed to the functioning of the eyes, but instead to visual processing centers and pathways. Deficits due to CVI may lead to impairment in cognitive, learning, and social domains. The objective of the case study is to examine neuropsychological findings of a child with CVI. Method: The subject was a 10-year, 2-month old male with a history of seizure activity. Based on decreased corpus callosum and PVL, a diagnosis of CVI was made. He evidenced significant visual latencies and difficulties with visual novelty. Continuing behavioral and academic concerns resulted in a referral for evaluation. Results: Assessment revealed extremely low cognitive ability. Relative strengths were evident in nonverbal skills. Academic skills fell at the pre-K to early K level. Neurocognitive functions ranged from the low to the very-low range with relative strengths in rapid naming, symbol recognition, semantic memory, and social intent. Findings on the SRS-2 and the ADOS-2 revealed difficulties with social awareness and communication but were not consistent with an ASD. Conclusions: CVI is a prevalent cause of visual impairment in children. Children often display multiple developmental disorders and features of autism and low cognitive ability are not uncommon. Disentangling the role of CVI in early cognitive, social, and adaptive development remains an important area for research. Assessment to identify strengths and weakness to facilitate social, academic and adaptive development is necessary.