A 13-Year Trend Analysis of HIV Epidemiology in the Philippines (2010 to 2022)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose This article describes the trends and contributing factors in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemiology in the Philippines from 2010 to 2022. This is the first trend analysis of the Philippine HIV/AIDS situation. Design Using time trend research design, 13-year longitudinal epidemiological data were collected and analyzed to present a dynamic perspective of the Philippine HIV/AIDS epidemic. Methods Secondary data analysis of HIV surveillance public documents from 2010 to 2022 was conducted. The Centers for Disease Control’s socioecological model was used to guide the literature and interpretation of findings. Frequency, percentage distribution, and Sieve-bootstrap t-test for linear trends were used to analyze the results. Findings There is an increased trend in HIV incidence, late diagnosis, and AIDS-related mortality in all geographical regions in the country from 2010–2022. The majority of HIV cases are males, ages 25–34, and reside in the nation’s capital. Increased HIV incidence among overseas workers, sex workers, and HIV-positive blood products were noted. Conclusion Trends in Philippine HIV epidemiology are contrary to global trends. Community-based HIV prevention programs targeting specific high-risk populations are needed. Clinical Evidence Community health nurses in the Philippines play a critical role in reversing the rising trend of HIV/AIDS. They are positioned to lead targeted education and prevention programs for high-risk groups using the socioecological model to implement community-based strategies that address factors contributing to the epidemic. Their efforts in early detection and linkage to care are essential in reducing late diagnosis and AIDS-related mortality.