Abstract
Introduction: Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of fluid in the cavities deep within the brain. The extra fluids cause the ventricles to expand, putting pressure on the brain. The brain and spinal column are bathed in cerebrospinal fluid, which usually flows into the ventricles. Excessive cerebrospinal fluid pressure caused by hydrocephalus, on the other hand, can harm brain tissues and result in a variety of cognitive impairments.
 Case Presentation: Here we have selected a case of hydrocephalus. In this case, when the complete history has been taken it found that patient having a history of NICU admission for prematurity and Low Birth Weight for 40 days. During history collection, it found that the child was all right until 4 months of age after which she started to notice that the child's head circumference was increasing at an abnormal rate and has now been brought to AVBRH for further management. After all investigation in MRI brain reveals extensive dilatation of ventricular system including bilateral lateral ventricle and III and IV ventricles associated with wide-open foramen of Luschka and Magendie with thinning of the adjacent cerebral cortex and cerebellar parenchyma. Features suggestive of communicating hydrocephalus. In the EEG record, the background record shows rhythmic synchronous > 13 Hz beta activity in the bilateral hemisphere. Abnormal EEG record. Then, the doctor planned for the Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy with general anesthesia.
 Conclusion: In this study, we mainly focus on expert surgical management and excellent nursing care which leads to fast recovery of the patient. After a conversation with the patient, her response was positive and after nursing management and treatment, she was discharged without any postoperative complications and satisfaction of recovery.
Highlights
Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of fluid in the cavities deep within the brain
Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
Birth defects resulting in aqueductal stenosis and neural tube defects are both linked
Summary
Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. As a result, the pressure inside the skull was usually increased. Some of the symptoms that older people may experience include headaches, double vision, impaired coordination, urinary incontinence, personality changes, and mental disability. In infants, it may appear as a sudden increase in head size. Under drainage, mechanical failure, inflammation, and congestion are potential shunt complications. The traditional understanding of hydrocephalus as a result of obstruction to bulk CSF flow is giving way to models that include dysfunctional cerebral pulsations, brain compliance, and newly characterized watertransport mechanisms. Genes that control brain growth and development, most commonly involving aqueduct stenosis, have been linked to congenital hydrocephalus. Advances in brain imaging, technology, and pathophysiology should lead to more effective treatment for the disorder [3,4]
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