981-P: Gut Microbiome Profile of American Indian Children with Obesity and Comparison with Industrialized and Preindustrialized Microbiomes

Abstract

Gut microbial composition is associated with metabolic risk and differs markedly between industrialized (IND) and non-industrialized (non-IND) populations. Objective: To characterize the gut microbiome of American Indian (AI) children with overweight/obesity relative to IND and non-IND individuals (including ancient AI gut microbiomes) . Methods: Stool samples were from 7-10-year-old AI children with overweight/obesity enrolled in a lifestyle intervention trial on diabetes risk factors (2019-21) . Metagenomic analysis was performed on 39 samples from 25 individuals and compared to samples from age-matched (5-12-year-old) non-AI children in IND (N=380) or non-IND (N=90) populations. Results: Mean age was 8.4 years (SD 1.11) , 44% were male. Mean age-sex-adjusted BMI z-score was 2.12 (SD 0.45) . By principal coordinates analysis, AI samples clustered in an intermediate position between the IND and non-IND samples (Figure 1) . AI children shared microbes with non-IND children that are rare in IND populations but common in ancient AI individuals (Prevotella copri, Coprococcus catus) . Conclusions: The gut microbiome in a subset of AI children is distinct from the non-AI American gut microbiome. Further, AI children may have "inherited" gut microbes from their AI ancestors, which may contribute to differences in their metabolism relative to non-AI children. Disclosure A.Kostic: None. R.L.Hanson: None. M.Sinha: None. Funding American Diabetes Association (1-17-INI-13) ; National Institutes of Health (P30DK036836)