Abstract
The Externally-Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC) is an attractive emerging technology for powering high efficiency combined gas and steam turbine cycles with coal or other ash bearing fuels. In the EFCC, the heat input to a gas turbine is supplied indirectly through a ceramic air heater. The air heater, along with an atmospheric coal combustor and ancillary equipment, replaces the conventional gas turbine combustor. A steam generator located downstream from the ceramic air heater and steam turbine cycle, along with an exhaust cleanup system, completes the combined cycle. A key element of the EFCC Development Program, the 25 MMBtu/h heat-input Kennebunk Test Facility (KTF), has recently begun operation. The KTF has been operating with natural gas and will begin operating with coal in early 1995. The US Department of Energy selected an EFCC repowering of the Pennsylvania Electric Company`s Warren Station for funding under the Clean Coal Technology Program Round V. The project focuses on repowering an existing 48 MW (gross) steam turbine with an EFCC power island incorporating a 30 MW gas turbine, for a gross power output of 78 MW and a net output of 72 MW. The net plant heat rate will be decreased by approximately 30% tomore » below 9,700 Btu/kWh. Use of a dry scrubber and fabric filter will reduce sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and particulate emissions to levels under those required by the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990. Nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) emissions are controlled by the use of staged combustion. The demonstration project is currently in the engineering phase, with startup scheduled for 1997. This paper discusses the background of the EFCC, the KTF, the Warren Station EFCC Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Project, the commercial plant concept, and the market potential for the EFCC.« less
Highlights
Externally-Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC) Description The Externally Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC) is an emerging technology for indirectly firing a gas turbine with coal or other ash bearing fuels
The EFCC Development Program is a cost-shared program between the US Department of Energy (DOE)Morgantown Energy Technology Center and a consortium of US and foreign utilities, industry, and state agencies
Flue gas exiting the air heater flows to a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG),where steam for the bottoming cycle is generated
Summary
The K I T is equipped with a low-pressure drop, air-cooled, staged combustor, shown on Figure 3. Staghg is used for NO, reduction, The combustor unit is down-fied into two cylindrical combustion chamberswiththe primary stage directly atop the second stage. The total height of the combustor, including the burner, is approximately 40 feet, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical casing is nominally 11feet. 2/3 of the total volume is provided for the fmt stage, with the remaining 1/3 for the second stage. A collar divides the first zone from the second, and provides convenient ports for the second stage combustor air. A cooling air annulus is b d t into the furnace insulating refractory. A slag tap is located at the base of the combustor
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