959-P: Mothers’ Weight Class in Pregnancy and Beta-Cell Function in Their Infants

Abstract

Background: Poor nutritional status in pregnant women can impact the risk of diabetes in their children. The Asian Indian Beta Cell function (ABCs) in Infants Study examined the association of maternal weight class and pregnancy weight gain on infant pancreatic beta-cell function during the first year of life. Methods: A convenience sample of 150 pregnant women ages 18-35 years were recruited in Hyderabad, India. Women were classified by 1st trimester (a) underweight (UW), i.e., BMI<18.5kg/m2 or (b) non-underweight (N-UW), i.e., BMI=18.5-27.4kg/m2. At 8 months postpartum, infants had a newly developed oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT, 1.75g glucose/kg, 33% w/v) after a 3-hour fast. Maternal BMI groups were examined for 30-min C-peptide by ANOVA. Results: In the first trimester, UW (n=62) and N-UW mothers (n=69) were similar in mean age (22 years) with differing mean BMI (UW: 17.0 ± SD 1.2, N-UW: 22.4 ± 2.6 kg/m2). At the time of birth, % female and mean gestational age were similar (half female; 38 weeks). UW-infants had lower birthweight (2.7± 0.4 kg) than N-UW (2.9 ± 0.4 kg, p<0.008), but not length (UW: 47.0 ± 2.3, N-UW: 47.1 ± 3.1cm, p=0.2). During OGTT, infants had similar fasting glucose (UW: 79.8 ± 9.5, N-UW: 82.8 ± 13.7 mg/dL, p=0.16) and fasting C-peptide (UW: 157.7 ± 161.7, N-UW: 201.7 ± 166.4 pmol/L, p=0.13). Although mean differences were not statistically significant, 30-min glucose was 6% lower in UW vs. N-UW (UW: 106.1 ± 21.9, N-UW: 113.0 ± 21.9 mg/dL, p=0.08), whereas 30-min C-peptide was 27% lower in UW vs. N-UW (UW: 397.0 ± 233.2 vs. N-UW: 543.9 ± 270.0 pmol/L, p=0.20). Conclusions: While Asian Indian infants from underweight mothers had similar basal C-peptide and glucose levels to infants from normal- and overweight mothers, first phase insulin secretion may be lower in infants from underweight mothers. The results from this pilot study warrant further examination of intergenerational risk of beta cell dysfunction and support ongoing antenatal care strategies to improve nutritional status in pregnancy. Disclosure L. R. Staimez: None. K. Betha: None. P. Prabhakaran: None. A. Dutta: None. Y. S. Beyh: None. S. Vyakaranam: None. H. K. Noule: None. D. Kothapally: None. K. Narayan: None. R. Gupta: None. D. Prabhakaran: None. Funding Emory Global Health Institute; Emory Global Diabetes Research Center