Abstract

Assessing lymphocyte function is integral to the diagnostic evaluation of patients with immune system disorders, be they primary immunodeficiencies or immune dysregulation conditions due to single or multiple gene defects. Additionally, secondary immune deficiencies are on the rise with the widespread use of potent biological immunomodulatory regimens and chemotherapies in the areas of cancer, autoimmunity, and allergic diseases and in primary immunodeficiencies with immune dysregulation. All of these require a comprehensive approach to characterizing the immune system, quantitatively and qualitatively as well as functionally, using a variety of investigative tools. This chapter focuses on the latest advances in assessing lymphocyte function in T cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells, B cells, regulatory B (Breg) cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.

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