Abstract
The range of systemic fungal infections has expanded in terms of types of fungi and susceptible hosts. Susceptible hosts include patients with AIDS, those who are taking tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, who have received solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplants, who are receiving monoclonal Ab against T cells, and infants with very low birth weights. The clinician needs to know how and when to use antifungal agents. Amphotericin is a potent antifungal but has toxicities. The triazoles are broad spectrum and can be conveniently taken orally; they have drug interactions that must be monitored. Echinocandins have minimal side effects and very few drug interactions but are only available as intravenous formulations. This chapter reviews the antifungals, their indications and safe use, and how to avoid drug interactions and minimize toxicity.
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