Abstract
The purpose of present study is to examine the accuracy of 2D-3D image registration technique for measuring natural knee kinematics. A human cadaver distal femur was secured to a 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) mechanical stage that is controllable within ±5 ° and ±5 mm. The stage with the femur was fixed to a camera calibration frame so that the 3D position of the femur can be determined in terms of the camera coordinate system. Single-plane x-ray photographs of the femur were taken using fluoroscopy and plane radiography. Each of 3 rotation parameters was changed from -2° to 2° by 1°, and for each of 3 translation parameters -2 mm to 2 mm by 1 mm. The 3D position of the femur was recovered by matching the digitally reconstructed radiographs generated from its 3D volume model derived from CT scan data. Average errors ± standard deviation and root mean square errors in two out-of-plane rotations were 0.4°±1.6° [1.1° and 0.1°±1.2° [1.2°], and one out-of-plane translation was 0.4 mm±4.3 mm [4.3 mm] by fluoroscopy, and those by plane radiography were 0.8°±0.4° [0.9°], -0.7°±1.4° [1.5°] and 0.6 mm±5.2 mm [5.1 mm].
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