长白山9种槭树的翅果扩散及种子萌发研究

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 长白山9种槭树的翅果扩散及种子萌发研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202101060058 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家科技基础资源调查项目（SQ2019FY010110） Dispersal and germination of nine maple (Acer, spp) trees in Changbai Mountain area Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:翅果的风媒传播是槭属植物的主要扩散方式之一，且与种子萌发有着密切关联，但具体机理一直还并不明确。以分布于长白山的9种槭树为对象，探讨翅果的形态特征，测定它们在空气中的垂直沉降速度、不同风速下的水平扩散距离以及在扩散距离上的种子萌发率，进而比较并分析翅果的形态性状与沉降速度、水平扩散距离的相关性以及萌发率在不同扩散距离上的差异性。结果表明：（1）9种槭树的翅果长、宽和面积与沉降速度、水平扩散距离均呈负相关；尽管如此，翅果形态并不是风传播物种的最佳分类指标，而翅载力能较好地反应物种的风传播能力；（2）翅果垂直沉降速度和水平扩散距离间存在显著负相关，表明沉降速度越小，翅果在空气中停留的时间越长，水平方向上扩散距离越远，且强风有助于提高翅果的扩散能力；（3）沉降速度最慢的花楷槭在不同风速下的水平扩散距离均最远，而沉降速度最快的拧筋槭水平扩散距离最短；（4）种子萌发率随扩散距离的增加呈下降趋势。上述结果不仅为深入理解翅果的风力传播机制以及种子萌发对水平扩散距离的响应机制提供科学依据，还可为种群实生更新方面的理论研究提供参考。 Abstract:Anemochory is the main dispersal mode of Acer plants and has close relationship with seed germination, but the specific mechanism has not been clear. In this study, the samara of nine maple trees that distributed in Changbai Mountain were dropped in still air to simulate their descent velocity and horizontal dispersal distance under different wind speeds, and seed germination at the horizontal dispersal distance. Correlation and difference between morphological characteristics of samara and descent velocity, horizontal dispersal distance, germination rate were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) the samara length, samara width, and wing area of nine maple trees were negatively correlated with descent velocity and horizontal dispersal distance. The samara morphology traits were not the best index for classification of anemochory species, but the wing load could better reflect the wind dispersal ability. (2) The descent vertical was negatively correlated with the horizontal dispersal distance, indicating the smaller the descent velocity was, the longer a samara stays in the air, the farther it can be blown by the wind, and the longer the horizontal dispersal distance was. (3) A. ukurunduense, with the slowest descent velocity, has the farthest horizontal dispersal distance, while A. triflorum, with the fastest descent velocity, has the shortest horizontal dispersal distance, but the strong wind is helpful to improve the dispersal ability. (4) The seed germination rate decreased with the increase of the horizontal dispersal distance. The results can provide a scientific basis for the anemochory mechanism of samara and the response mechanism that seed germination to horizontal dispersal distance, and also provide a reference for the theoretical study of its population regeneration. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献