Abstract

The Tigris and Euphrates river basin was the home of the world's earliest advanced civilizations who lived in Iraq (Mesopotamia). This chapter focuses on the Iraqi water law and examines the present laws in force as they relate to managing and protecting water resources. It addresses the question whether these laws are competent to manage water resources in Iraq, or whether reform is crucial. In principle, Law No.50 has an essential perspective introduced by the Iraqi Parliament since 2003 as it assigns the formation of a legal and technical framework for regulating Iraq's national water resources to the federal government's Ministry of Water Resources. Public waters and rivers are generally described by various laws in Iraq. The chapter highlights four laws elucidating what public waters consist of and which waters must be protected from pollutants. Keywords: Euphrates; Iraqi water law; public rivers; Tigris; water resources

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