Abstract

Paul's apocalyptic ideas were formed first of all by his Jewish heritage and his study, as a Pharisee, of the traditions of his ancestors. He reshaped and extended such ideas in light of his acceptance of Jesus as the Messiah of Israel and his understanding of Jesus' death and resurrection as eschatological events. The authors of Colossians, Ephesians, and 2 Thessalonians, by writing in Paul's name, analogously adapted the teaching of Paul to address changed circumstances and convictions, as they each perceived them. Paul's apocalyptic expectations are reflected in his earliest letter, 1 Thessalonians. The seemingly small changes in imagery made in Colossians in relation to the undisputed letters of Paul had profound consequences for the reception of Paul's apocalyptic ideas. The treatment of apocalyptic hopes in 2 Thessalonians differs greatly from that in Colossians and Ephesians. Keywords: 2 Thessalonians; Colossians; Ephesians; Jesus; Paul's apocalyptic ideas

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