Abstract
In this chapter, some of the basic concepts that are needed to understand the nonlinear optical properties of organic materials are introduced. The definitions, conventions and units that allow for a quantitative description of the nonlinear optical response at the molecular level are first discussed. The general approaches that are used to determine the macroscopic response of nonlinear optical materials in terms of the intrinsic response of the molecular units are illustrated by considering the second-order nonlinear response of organic crystals and poled-doped polymers. Finally, an overview of the quantum mechanical expressions for the molecular linear and nonlinear molecular (hyper) polarizabilities are introduced, after the qualitative response of a simpler damped driven harmonic oscillator is derived.
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