89 ANALISIS DE RENTABILIDAD DEL GARBANZO EN SONORA, CICLOS 2012-2013 AL 2016-2017

Abstract

Chickpea cultivation in Mexico has a long tradition that goes back to the second trip of Christopher Columbus; worldwide our country occupies the eighth place in production with 2.3%, India being the first and the main markets are Spain, Turkey and Algeria, among others. The 2011-2012 cycle was the best of the last five years in which Sonora occupied 36.6% of the planted area, 45.6% of the production volume and contributed 60.9% of the production value at the national level. In the 2015-2016 cycle, there was an area of 16,210 hectares, a production of 35,824 tons and a production value in the order of 472,050 thousand pesos. The objective of the present work was to determine the profitability of the chickpea crop in Sonora for the 2012-2013 to 2016-2017 cycle, for which financial tools were used to determine its viability as the calculation of the cost of production and working capital, benefit-cost ratio, cost financial, equilibrium point and sensitivity analysis. For the purpose of calculating the financial cost, the Interbank Interest Rate for Equilibrium was taken as reference for the month of November 2017, which is 7.38% per annum. For the 2016-2017 cycle and taken as a reference, the cost of production per hectare was 23,030.00, which covers the expenses derived from the purchase of inputs such as labor, seed, water, fertilizers, among others, the balance point to cover direct and financial costs was 1.41 ton / ha while the benefit / cost ratio was 1.60 having taken the 2016-2017 cycle as a reference. The sale price per ton 17,500 with an average yield of 2.3 tons per hectare. Once the calculations of all the financial tools have been made, the producer can make the decision to continue planting, growing and harvesting chickpeas or changing part of his crop pattern.