Abstract

Although co-inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins are primarily involved in promoting inhibitory cell-cell interactions in adaptive immunity, especially tumor immunity, the soluble cell-free variants of these molecules are also detectable in the circulation of cancer patients where they retain immunosuppressive activity. Nevertheless, little is known about the systemic levels of these soluble co-inhibitory immune checkpoints in patients with various subtypes of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), which is the most invasive and treatment-resistant type of this most commonly occurring malignancy.

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