Abstract
We report on the synthesis and features of copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) embedded into LiNbO3 crystal. A linear optical absorption that peaked at 613 nm is observed, which correlates to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. In addition, the Cu NPs embedded LiNbO3 (CuNP:LN) possesses ultrafast saturable absorption properties at a wavelength of 1µm. Based on these enhanced nonlinear optical properties, CuNP:LN is applied as a saturable absorber (SA) for pulsed laser generation in a waveguide laser system. Under an optical pump, the 8.6 GHz fundamentally Q-switched mode-locked laser operation has been efficiently implemented based on a Nd:YAG cladding waveguide fabricated by femtosecond laser writing. The measured pulse duration is as short as 55 ps and the slope efficiency is up to ∼22.7%. This work suggests the promising application of LiNbO3 crystal embedded Cu NPs for ultrashort pulse generation.
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