847 Risk Factors Related to Preterm Birth Among Mothers Who Gave Birth in Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Services Hospital, Lahore, Punjab: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Preterm labor remains one of the most important problems faced by obstetricians globally, because of the high rates morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. It is said to be caused by interplay of multiple factors that include inadequate nutrition, antenatal care, low income, lack of education, multiple gestations, chronic illnesses, hypertension, anemia, infections, and substance abuse. Thus, understanding of these factors is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality due to complications of preterm birth. Aim To determine maternal, fetal, and socioeconomic factors leading to preterm birth in patients delivering in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Services Hospital, Lahore. Method A case-control study was conducted on 226 mothers delivering in Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Services Hospital, Lahore in November 2020. A well-designed structured questionnaire was used to collect data about the sociodemographic profile, past gynecological and obstetric history, history of current pregnancy, past medical history, and the newborn. SPSS version 25 statistical tool was used to enter and analyze data. Results Height of respondent ≤155cm, parity >3, previous preterm birth, twin pregnancy, hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, hospitalization during pregnancy, hemoglobin level <11g/dl during pregnancy, history of UTI during pregnancy, fetal distress, cephalopelvic disproportion, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, PROM, no use of iron and multivitamins during pregnancy use of alcohol or other drugs during pregnancy, psychological stress during pregnancy and history of dental problems were found to be statistically significant. Conclusions In our study it was found that characteristics of current obstetrical history were the most important factors contributing to preterm birth.