Abstract
Sildenafil citrate, a phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitor, is a controversial treatment option for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PHT), a significant complication of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).There is scarce data in premature infants. Evaluate the use of sildenafil citrate in infants with BPD complicated by PHT. Retrospective cohort study in a level 3 NICU. All medical records of premature infants with PHT secondary to BPD treated with sildenafil citrate between January 2009 and May 2013 were reviewed. Primary outcomes were: Clinical response with 20% decrease in: respiratory support score or FiO2 requirements Echocardiographic response with decrease in tricuspid regurgitation gradient (at least 20%) or septal flattening (at least one degree) Twenty three infants (61% male) with a median (IQR) gestational age of 26 weeks (23 to 30weeks) and birth weight of 710 g (480 g to 1170 g) were included. Antenatal data is marked by presence of chorioamnionitis (17%), oligohydramnios (22%), intrauterine growth retardation (39%) and premature rupture of membranes (39%). Neonatal course included: confirmed sepsis (48%), grade 2 or more necrotizing enterocolitis (32%), stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (56%) and patent ductus arteriosus (78%). Pharmacologic data, benefits and side effects are represented in the table. Sildenafil citrate treatment for patients with PHT
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