Abstract

Perovskite materials became the most successful and effective low-cost energy products for various applications including optoelectronic, magnetic, sensing, and photonic devices. Perovskite is a naturally occurring mineral of calcium titanate (CaTiO3). CaTiO3 was found by the Russian mineralogist Lev Sinovsky in 1839, and materials of the same form of crystal structure were called perovskite material (structure) in the same way as those of CaTiO3. The terms “perovskite” and “perovskite structure” are frequently used interchangeably. ABX3, where A and B are cations with A greater than that of B, and X is anionic oxides (O2 −) or halogens (F−), is the general chemical formula used for the description of perovskites. Various perovskite-type oxides have been studied in detail for their electrical conductivity responses to changes in humidity for their applications as humidity sensing. Exploration and investigation of the humidity sensors and morphology of porous perovskite compounds continue to provide new and inventive findings. Perovskites have been used to fabricate transducers, capacitive humidity sensors, and microdevices.

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