Abstract
Each year a large number of people lose their lives because of well-studied diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Cancer is one of these diseases and drugs used for its treatment have a high toxicity. The nonspecific delivery of these toxic drugs to different parts of the body through dosage forms is an immense challenge within the treatment of numerous diseases. However, there are several opportunities that have been created through biomedical nanotechnology for diagnosis of, and therapies for, health problems. In fact, advanced drug delivery development has attracted a special attention to deliver drugs to the suitable organ and tissue. Indeed, nanotechnology can be taken into account as one of the useful approaches for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer disease. Thanks to the imaging characteristics and therapeutic properties of magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles as Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3 maghemite, they took an outstanding place for biomedical applications among other different nanoparticles. Through the application of a magnetic field, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can easily enter into the lesion area due to their small size and large specific area. Furthermore, magnetic nanoparticle properties are appealing, including surface charge nature and density, shape, chemical composition, size, degradation, internal morphology, and responsiveness to stimuli of pH, light, and temperature. At the present time, a new subfield named theranostics came out due to MNPs’ double function in diagnosis and therapy. Thus MNPs attract significant attention in the treatment of diseases, especially for cancer. This chapter is focused on some of the newest developments concerning MNPs.
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