Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine an effect of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine to histopathologic on Fabricius bursa of broiler chicken at various age levels. Eighteen commercial DOC (Day Old Chick) were divided into 2 groups namely a control group that was given distilled water and a treatment group that was given NDV vaccine namely ND Lasota vaccine ocularly as much one drop per eye at day 3, then a booster dose in drinking water at day 13 was given. The bursa of Fabricius was collected from these chickens on the age of 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days after sacrificing the chickens through necropsied, then histopathological preparations are made using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The parameters observed were measured the number, diameter, and thickness of cortical of lymphoid follicles. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively by unpaired t-test. The results of this research showed the NDV vaccine effects were not significantly different (P0.05) to the number and diameter of lymphoid follicles. In the treatment group, 14 days old broiler chickens had a decreased number of lymphoid follicles, while its diameter tends to grow and the thickness of cortex was also seemed unchanged compared with the control group. Then at the age of 21 days, the number, diameter, and thickness of cortex of lymphoid follicles tend to increase, while at 28 days diameter of lymphoid follicles tend to be slightly reduced, but the number and thickness tend to grow out of control. It was concluded that the NDV vaccine had a good effect on the Fabricius bursa of broiler chickens with increasing age, then histopathological preparations are made using hematoxylin-eosin staining.
Highlights
Laju pertambahan penduduk yang cukup tinggi menyebabkan kebutuhan akan pangan semakin meningkat, sehingga masalah pangan selalu lebih mendesak dan lebih utama disamping kebutuhan yang lain
The aim of this research was to determine an effect of Newcastle disease virus
vaccine to histopathologic on Fabricius bursa of broiler chicken
Summary
Pada satu sisi usaha peternakan ayam seperti ayam pedaging (broiler) tidak terlepas dari risiko yang cukup besar, karena sewaktu-waktu timbul berbagai kendala seperti wabah penyakit menular (Tabbu, 2000). Newcastle disease (ND) adalah salah satu penyakit pada unggas dan masih menjadi ancaman serius bagi industri peternakan di Indonesia maupun di dunia, karena dapat menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi (Robinson, 1961; Hodder dkk., 1994; Tabbu, 2000). (2003) vaksinasi ND secara tetes mata, kemudian diinfeksi dengan virus ND menunjukkan respon imun yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan vaksinasi melalui air minum serta tidak menimbulkan perubahan patologi pada organ limfoid seperti bursa Fabricius, timus dan kelenjar Harderian. (2013) ayam broiler yang telah divaksinasi secara tetes mata lalu ditantang dengan virus ND vilogenik, setelah dilakukan nekropsi dan pengamatan pada hari ke 26, 33 dan 40 secara umum tidak menunjukkan perubahan histopatologis bursa Fabricius. Ummu Balqis, dkk dengan vaksin booster secara oral menunjukkan adanya peningkatan tajam frekuensi imunoglobulin yang mengandung sel plasma pada bursa Fabricius ayam broiler umur 14 hari dan 28 hari, terutama pada bagian kapsul, korteks dan medula. Menurut Handharyani dkk. (1995) pemberian vaksin ND La Sota secara tetes mata dapat menimbulkan perubahan mikroskopis yang minimal pada bursa Fabricius berupa penurunan jumlah sel limfosit, edema dan hiperemi
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