Abstract
Background: Fluorescence imaging (FI) has been proposed as an alternative to both dye and gamma probe-guided methods for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy. However, this procedure is complicated and requires technical skills because the shadowless surgical lights must be turned off to visualize the fluorescence through a monitor. In 2011, we introduced a novel combined method (CM) consisting of the blue dye method and FI. The identification of SLNs under direct inspection is facilitated by the addition of the blue dye, and FI assists in the pre-operative identification of lymphatic channels, the decision for incision and intra-operative detection of non-stained SLNs.
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