794. Healthcare-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (HA-UTI): A Risk Factor for Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI)? Results of a Real-World Data Analysis

Abstract

BackgroundIt is estimated that 223,900 cases of CDI occur annually in hospitalized patients resulting in 12,800 deaths and $1 billion in attributable costs. Antimicrobial use is a risk factor for CDI and the antimicrobials ordered to treat urinary tract infections have been identified as a factor in both recurrent CDI and community-acquired CDI. This real-world data analysis seeks to explore the relationship between HA-UTI and hospital-onset CDI (HO-CDI).MethodsAn electronic infection surveillance system was the source of de-identified real-world data from 290 hospitals. Algorithmically-derived measures of healthcare-associated infections (ADM-HAIs), and records of all-cause antimicrobial orders, for all inpatient admissions for the period 10/1/18–9/30/19 were analyzed. All patients who presented with a urine ADM-HAI – suggestive of HA-UTI – and no other healthcare-associated infection (Urine+ patients), were observed for subsequent HO-CDI. Urine+ patients were compared to patients with no HAI of any type, other than CDI (HAI-free patients), and relative risk (RR) was estimated. The analysis was repeated for the subgroup of patients who received an antimicrobial order for any reason during their stay.Results3,050,525 inpatient admissions were analyzed. 26,634 were identified as Urine+ patients. 188 of those patients subsequently presented with HO-CDI. 2,978,507 were identified as HAI-free patients. 6,238 of those patients presented with HO-CDI. The incidence of HO-CDI was significantly higher in Urine+ patients compared to HAI-free patients (RR=3.37, 95% CL[2.92, 3.89], p< 0.0001). When the analysis was repeated to examine only patients who received antimicrobial orders, Urine+ patients continued to be at higher risk of subsequent HO-CDI compared to HAI-free patients (RR=3.28, 95% CL[2.74,3.92], p< 0.0001).ConclusionThe presence of a urine ADM-HAI, suggestive of HA-UTI, was associated with an increased risk of subsequent HO-CDI. This held when only patients with antimicrobial orders were considered. These observations mirror findings from other published studies, however, other factors may have contributed to increased risk for both HA-UTI and HO-CDI.DisclosuresTimothy Kelly, MS, MBA, BD (Employee) ChinEn Ai, MPH, BD (Employee) John Murray, MPH, BD (Employee) Yan Xiong, n/a, BD (Becton Dickinson) (Employee) Hanna Jokinen-Gordon, PhD, BD (Employee)