77Se Nuclear Spin–Lattice Relaxation in Binary Ge–Se Glasses: Insights into Floppy Versus Rigid Behavior of Structural Units

Abstract

The mechanism of (77)Se nuclear spin-lattice relaxation is investigated in binary Ge-Se glasses. The (77)Se nuclides in Se-Se-Se chain sites relax faster via dipolar coupling fluctuation compared to those in Ge-Se-Ge sites shared by GeSe4 tetrahedra that relax slower via the fluctuation of the chemical shift anisotropy. The relaxation rate for the Se-Se-Se sites decreases markedly with increasing magnetic field, whereas that for the Ge-Se-Ge sites displays no appreciable dependence on the magnetic field such that the extent of differential relaxation between the two Se environments becomes small at high fields on the order of 19.6 T. The corresponding dynamical correlation time is three orders of magnitude shorter (∼10(-9) s) for the Se-Se-Se sites, compared to that for the Ge-Se-Ge sites (∼10(-6) s). The large decoupling in the time scale between these Se environments provides direct experimental support to the commonly made assumption that the selenium chains are mechanically floppy, and the interconnected GeSe4 tetrahedra form the rigid elements in the selenide glass structure.