Abstract
Background: We evaluated the correlation of clinical staging on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and pathologic staging and the prognostic value of PET-CT after induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We analyzed 42 cases of clinical stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC who received 2 to 4 cycles of pre-operative chemotherapy with or without radiation followed by curative resection. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of the suspected lesion on PET-CT was recorded. PET-CT findings after induction chemotherapy were compared with those of initial PET-CT and pathology after surgery. Results: The accuracy of PET-CT in restaging of the primary tumor after induction chemotherapy was 50.0%. 18 (42.8%) of 42 patients were underestimated ycT stage, and 3 (7.1%) of 42 patients was overestimated ycT stage by PET-CT scan. The accuracy of PET-CT in restaging of the nodal disease was 71.4%. 6 (14.3%) of 42 patients were underestimated ycN stage, and 6 (14.3%) of 42 patients were overestimated ycN stage as compared with pathologic staging. The 2-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rate were 68.5% and 40.9%, respectively. Complete responders (ycT0N0M0) on PET-CT after induction chemotherapy had a significantly longer RFS time than did incomplete responders (28.3 months versus 9.1 months, P = 0.021). Conclusions: Complete response on PET-CT after induction chemotherapy with or without radiation was a good prognostic indicator for RFS in stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC patients who received surgery. However, response evaluation on PET-CT after induction chemotherapy should be interpreted with caution due to its unacceptable accuracy. Legal entity responsible for the study: Jong Hoon Lee Funding: None Disclosure: The author has declared no conflicts of interest.
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