745 YIELD OF EXTENDED AND TOTAL MEDIASTINAL LYMPHADENECTOMY IN OESOPHAGEAL CANCER

Abstract

Abstract The extent of lymphadenectomy in oesophageal cancer surgery is currently controversial, although current evidence shows that survival is directly related to the number of lymph nodes removed during surgery. Methods Descriptive study of patients with oesophageal cancer who underwent oesophagectomy with extended and total mediastinal lymphadenectomy using a minimally invasive approach (right prone thoracoscopy, laparoscopy and left cervicotomy) in our hospital for 2 years (2019 and 2020). Extended lymphadenectomy was indicated in patients with adenocarcinoma of the distal oesophagus, while total lymphadenectomy was indicated in patients with squamous tumours and adenocarcinoma of the middle oesophagus. The characteristics of the series studied and the results obtained in the 90 days postoperatively are described. Results 26 patients, mean age 65 ± 7.8 years, were operated. 21 with total mediastinal lymphadenectomy and 5 with extended lymphadenectomy. 80.7% received neoadjuvant treatment (CROSS scheme). The mean number of lymph nodes removed was 33.6 ± 14.3, with a 50% probability of being affected. As much in the lymphadenectomy of the right (106R) as in the left (106 L) recurrent groups, it was more frequently affected in the distal oesophagus adenocarcinomas. Postoperative morbidity was not negligible, with anastomotic leak rate of 7.7% (thoracic location) and 23.1% (cervical location) the majority mild, 23.1% of recurrent injury and 11.5% of chylothorax. Mortality at 90 days was 15.38%. Conclusion Based on our results, extended and total lymphadenectomy increases as much the global number of lymph nodes removed as the lymph nodes cancer-positive. In addition, it supports the performance of wide lymphadenectomies also in adenocarcinomas of the distal oesophagus. We cannot forget the greater radicalism is taxed with significant morbidity. We should remember the limitation of this study is the low number of cases, the extent of lymphadenectomy continues to be a matter of controversy.