Abstract
Abstract Background Hiatus hernia occurs when part of the stomach bulges into the thoracic cavity through the hiatal opening of the diaphragm. In our study, we aimed to assess the impact of the hiatal hernia size on DeMeester score, symptom correlation, and presence of pathological reflux on PH studies. The study also looked at the impact of various characteristics including age, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), and presence of oesophagitis and/or dysmotility on DeMeester score, symptom correlation, and presence of pathological reflux on PH studies. Methods The study was conducted in an Upper Gastrointestinal surgery unit located in the North West of England. All patients aged over 18 who underwent laparoscopic fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease between January 2017 and June 2023 were included. Patients who underwent fundoplication for para-oesophageal hiatus hernia, those who had fundoplication as a complementary step to Heller’s cardio-myotomy, or those who underwent revisional surgery were excluded. Results A total of 115 patients with a median age of 54 were included. Patients’ age was found to have a statistically significant association with hiatus hernia size above 2 cm, DeMeester score, and Symptom Association Probability with a P value of 0.011, 0.021, and 0.030 respectively. Hiatus hernia size above 2 cm was found to have a statistically significant association with pathological reflux (P=0.017). Smoking association with DeMeester score was found to be significant (P=0.027). Hiatus hernia size was not found to have a statistically significant association with DeMeester score, Symptom Index, or Symptom Association Probability (P=0.115, 0.315, 0.904) respectively. Conclusion Hiatus hernia size above 2 cm was found to have a statistically significant association with pathological reflux on PH studies but not statistically associated with elevated DeMeester score above 14.72 or symptom correlation indices. Thorough endoscopic assessment in addition to detailed oesophageal physiological studies are mandatory to evaluate patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease prior to considering surgery.
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