74 Reducing unplanned extubations in a level 3 neonatal intensive care unit - the nuts and bolts of UE bundle implementation

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Abstract Background Unplanned extubations (UEs) are preventable adverse events that may lead to short term consequences (e.g. cardiopulmonary collapse) and long term sequelae (e.g. acquired airway injury, brain injury) for patients admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). UE prevention care bundles have been demonstrated to reduce UE rates in NICUs; however, implementation of bundle elements is unit dependent. Objectives To describe the work of a UE Prevention Team in a Level 3 NICU with rising UE rates despite implementation of UE prevention bundle per Children’s Hospital Solutions for Patient Safety (SPS). Design/Methods A neonatologist / respiratory therapist pair was assembled in March 2022 to tackle rising UE rates in a 69 bed NICU. Contributing unit stressors included implementation of a new electronic health record, COVID-19 policies, and nursing shortages. Baseline UE rates were >3x the centerline for SPS network NICUs and likely underreported. Steps undertaken include: 1) daily audit to ensure reporting of all UEs, 2) structured post-event team debriefs, 3) unit education campaign to raise awareness of UE prevention and bundle elements, 4) prominent posting of last UE date and reporting on daily team huddle, 5) rapid UE case reviews and apparent cause analysis with reporting of findings unit-wide, 6) optimize endotracheal tube (ETT) securement methods, 6) enforce T2-T3 ETT tip position, 7) standardize x-ray frequencies and reporting, 8) trial of daily rounds ETT safety checklist. Results From rapid case reviews, apparent causes were determined to be incorrect ETT securement device sizing, taping method prone to loss of tape integrity in high humidity, high ETT positions, and inadequate ETT monitoring during high risk activities other than repositioning (invasive/painful procedures, diaper changes). Post-event structured debriefs and unit-wide vigilance increased reporting of UE events to 100%. UE rates fell from a peak of >4 UEs/month, >2.4/100 ventilation days to 1 UE/month, 0.465/100 ventilation days, a 80% reduction.(Figure 1) Most impactful interventions were standard x-ray reporting template in the electronic health record, reinforcing T2-T3 ETT tip positioning, correcting ETT holder sizing, and change in ETT method (Figure 2). Daily rounds checklist was not effective. UE reductions were achieved without changing patient ratios as nurse staffing shortages continued. Conclusion A nimble systems approach is needed to ensure success in implementation of UE prevention care bundles. Simple changes can be made to decrease UEs, guided by rapid case reviews.