Abstract

Color in apple skin is a composite of varying concentrations of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanins/flavanols. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is influenced by a number of factors including rootstock, nitrogen status, wounding, certain plant growth regulators, light, and temperature. This study investigated changes in the optimum temperature for anthocyanin accumulation of `Braeburn', `Delicious', `Fuji', and `Gala' apple tissue disks. Preclimacteric (core ethylene < 1.0 ul·liter-1) apples with little color development were harvested in September, 1992 and immediately brought to the laboratory. Six 15mm disks about 3mm thick were removed from the shaded side of each fruit and transferred to moistened filter paper on temperature-controlled blocks preset at temperatures ranging from 15C to 40C at intervals of 5C and covered with plastic (CO2 permeable) film. The disks were illuminated for up to 48 hours with a high pressure sodium lamp at a distance of about 1m. Following the illumination period individual peel disks were extracted with acidic methanol for anthocyanins. The temperature optimum for maximum anthocyanin biosynthesis for each cultivar will be reported.

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