Abstract
Extrinsic factors, such as air pollutants and ultraviolet irradiation (UVR), accelerate premature aging, and a correlation between levels of pollutants and skin aging symptoms has been reported. Diesel particulate matter, a major source of air pollution, helps initiate some diseases, including skin diseases. We recently demonstrated that diesel particulate extract (DPE) activates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX), followed by activation of sphingomyelinase (SMase), leading to ceramide (Cer) production in cultured normal keratinocytes (KC).
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