7 - Fluid management

Abstract

Fluid management is critical to the successful care of a wide range of pediatric conditions as fluid and electrolyte disturbances are common among children. This chapter outlines the basic anatomy and physiology of fluid compartments, their developmental maturation, and a general approach to fluid administration. Clinical assessment of hydration states, perioperative fluid management, and the care of common pathophysiologic states are discussed in detail. Specific attention is given to acid-base balance and to disorders of sodium, potassium, and water homeostasis.