Abstract
ADHD risks in adolescents are substantial, dramatically increasing failed relationships, unemployment, and accidental injury and death as youth enter adulthood. Adolescents have substantial pesticide exposure, especially those youth employed as agricultural pesticide applicators, which are jobs they hold in many countries. Exposures in adolescent pesticide applicators to chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin have links with ADHD symptoms and related cognitive processes, acutely and persistently. No animal studies have examined pesticide exposures during adolescence for their impacts on ADHD-relevant outcomes needed to understand multiple aspects of this relationship: 1) causality; 2) the importance of individual pesticides vs their combination; 3) mechanisms playing a role in outcomes; and 4) any longer-term risk for youth.
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