Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is one of the major and leading occupational problems in the United States, and is also a major cause of industrial disability in the population under the age of 45 years [1]. In the United States the total cost due to LBP is about $90 billion (Bureau of Labor Statistics 1982). Heavy equipment operators such as truck drivers, bulldozer operators and crane operators experience a high incidence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). According to Bureau of Labor Statistics the incidence rate for mobile equipment and vehicle drivers was quite high, 12.1 per 100 workers per year in the year 2002 [2]. Operators of heavy equipment are generally called as operating engineers (OEs), and currently there are about 540,000 OEs in United States, who are exposed to WBV and out of these 90% are involved in performing excavating and paving work and the remaining are crane operators [3]. All these OES are exposed to Whole Body Vibration (WBV) [3].
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