67 COVID-19 Mobile Brain Health

Abstract

Objective:Over 80% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients have neurological symptoms, including memory loss, attention difficulties, and trouble thinking clearly that can last for months. The long-term neurological impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is unknown and it remains to be seen whether it would create a surge in cases of dementia and cognitive decline years later, which is already a global public health challenge. Examining the cognitive effects of the virus will help with understanding its impact on the brain and inform treatment options. The goal of the present study was to examine cognitive performance among those who have had COVID-19 via mobile-based assessments using smartphone-based cognitive tests. Participants with a previous COVID-19 diagnosis (COVID+) were expected to have worse cognitive performance at baseline than those without COVID-19 (COVID-).Participants and Methods:Participants (n=23) with self-reported positive or negative COVID-19 statuses based on polymerase chain reaction or antigen testing were recruited from the Boston area. Inclusion criteria included access to a smartphone with an Android or iOS operationsystem and to internet connectivity, along with proficiency in English. Cognitive performance was measured using Defense Automated Neurobehavioral Assessment (DANA) from AnthroTronix. Welch’s 2-sample t-test was used to compare cognitive performance among those with and without COVID-19.Results:The sample was comprised primarily of COVID+ (59%), female (59%), and Caucasian (50%) participants that were generally well educated (77% with a bachelor’s degree), and had >1 COVID vaccination (95%). About 50% of the sample reported symptoms of depression and mild anxiety. Results were not indicative of significant differences between COVID+ and COVID- groups at baseline: Simple Reaction Time (Immediate; M = 5.62; p = 0.81), Code Substitution (M = 1.25; p = 0.77), Procedural Reaction Time (M = -7.26; p = 0.49), Spatial Processing (M = -3.14; p = 0.50), Go No Go (M = -1.37; p = 0.89), Match to Sample (M = 2.00; p = 0.57), Memory Search (M = -2.62; p = 0.75), and Simple Reaction Time (Delayed; M = 2.99; p = 0.81).Conclusions:Results indicate that cognitive performance at baseline does not differ based on COVID status, emphasizing the need for examination of longitudinal cognitive performance. Future directions include examining the impact of COVID disease severity and reinfection on cognition.