Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) comprise 5% of all newly diagnosed cancers in the world today. Risk factors for development of HNSCC are smoking and alcohol abuse, infection with viruses, and genetic predisposition. HNSCC is preceded by preneoplastic lesions of genetically altered cells. When tumors arise in these lesions, the large preneoplastic lesions often remain behind after surgical treatment, causing secondary cancers. Although the preneoplastic lesions can be diagnosed using genetic markers in both treated patients and other risk populations, the treatment options are very limited and the only intervention at present is increased surveillance.

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