Abstract
A biointensive IPM program began in 1991 in UM's 12,000 ft2 research/teaching greenhouses. Efficacy, economics and practicality of multiple natural enemy releases to control greenhouse arthropod pests in diverse-crop ranges were assessed in 1991-93. Both UM lab-reared and commercial insectary-produced natural enemies were used. Environmental constraints, natural enemy quality, daylength and short crop cycles limited biocontrol. Predators and parasites were most effective when compatible environmental parameters, cultural practices and biorational pesticides were used. Informing greenhouse users about natural enemy recognition and conservation were also important considerations. Rearing and release techniques and compatible systems are discussed.
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