Abstract
There is increasing evidence for the involvement of oxygen free radicals in the mechanism of several diseases including some types of cataracts. This chapter describes methods for measurement of oxygen radicals in eye tissues to establish theft causal relationship to the human senile cataract. Such studies in humans have limitations. Diquat-induced cataract in the rabbit provides a suitable experimental model to demonstrate causal relationships of the reactive oxygen species to cataractogenesis. The most sensitive and direct physical technique—namely, electron spin resonance spectroscopy, is more elaborate, expensive, and not available in general laboratory facilities. The spectrophotometric techniques for estimation of O2-, for measurement of .OH, and for estimation of H2O2, are simple, sensitive, reproducible, and suitable for quantitation of cumulative productions of oxygen radicals and H2O2 in the eye tissues. This animal model for cataracts is also ideal for testing the therapeutic efficacy of potential anticataract drugs in vivo.
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