613-P: Low Muscle Mass and/or Function Is Common in Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Sarcopenia (low muscle mass/muscle function [MM/MF]) and sarcopenic obesity (sarcopenia+obesity, SO) have relevant clinical implications, but few data are available on pts with type 2 diabetes (T2D), especially in Western populations. We assessed the proportion of Caucasian pts with T2D and sarcopenia/SO and clinical correlates of sarcopenia. During routine follow-up outpatient visits (Jun-Dec 2022), we measured skeletal MM by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and MF by hand-grip strength in all pts except those with contraindications to BIA. Low MM and low MF were diagnosed using validated sex- and sex-/age-specific cut-offs, respectively, as recommended by ESPEN & EASO. Anthropometrics, glycemic control (HbA1c) and type/number of complications were recorded for all pts. A total of 116 pts with T2D were included (64.7% F, median [25°; 75° percentile] age 70.0 [62.3; 78.0] years, 35.3% with obesity). Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 12.9% of pts. Of these, 40% (5.2% of the total) had SO. Low MM with normal MF (LMM) and low MF with normal MM (LMF) were found in 16.4% and 21.6% of pts. There were no significant differences in sex, age, HbA1c, or number of complications between patients with or without sarcopenia nor among subgroups, but the proportion of elderly pts (age ≥65y) was lower among those with vs those without sarcopenia (26.7% vs 57.4%, p=0.026). Median BMI was greater (p<0.05) in pts with LMM or sarcopenia vs those with normal MM/MF or LMF (31.6 [30.5; 34.6], 29.2 [26.1; 34.8], 26.7 [23.4; 30.4] and 24.5 [21.3; 29.8] kg/m2, respectively). At logistic regression adjusted by sex and age, the likelihood of sarcopenia increased by 11.4% for each unit increase in BMI (odds ratio 1.114, [95%CI 1.01; 1.23] p=0.037). In conclusion, the majority of Caucasian pts with T2D has low MM, MF or both (sarcopenia), the risk of sarcopenia increasing with greater BMI. The lower proportion of elderly suggests reduced life expectancy in T2D pts with sarcopenia. The assessment of sarcopenia in T2D should be implemented in routine clinical practice. Disclosure C.Conte: None. S.Boussetta: None. F.Leva: None. P.Moro: None. C.C.Berra: None. L.Luzi: Advisory Panel; Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Research Support; Gelesis, Speaker's Bureau; A. Menarini Diagnostics, Amgen Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly Alliance, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Novartis.