Abstract
A tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) is a complex infectious mass involving the fallopian tubes and ovaries, which may extend to nearby abdominal organs, often resulting from severe pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Data regarding TOAs and PID in non-sexually active females is limited primarily to case studies. Early treatment is important for future quality of life, specifically to minimize chronic pelvic pain and maximize fertility. We investigated risk factors and common causes of TOAs in non-sexually active females, in order to aid in earlier diagnosis, treatment, and improved outcomes.
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